No, in Prometheus the planet LV-223 does not have an atmosphere that will support human life. This is why they had to wear their space suits. In Covenant the crew is not wearing any space suits as they disembark their ship. It is an Earth like planet with vegetation and liquid water as scene in the trailers. I believe this is the planet where David-8 and Dr. Shaw "landed" on after leaving LV-223 at the end of Prometheus.
Don't know about the spores, just a guess on my part.
Bookmarks