Well here is my opinion on your questions.
The rifles are the same, made by the same people, same girl in two different dresses. I would not buy either for the requirements you listed. I would get a Ruger Gunsite scout rifle or a tikka T3 and upgrade the tikka with a detachable box mag. I have the FN in 300 wsm chrome lined bore, nice rifle great shooter every bit as accurate as my barrels from Lilja, blackstar, and brux, the rifle had an accuracy packaged done on it by my Friend Kevin Cram at Monoutre county rifles and is not in a cheep Hoge stock.
The 308 is a good choice, I have taken quite a few deer with it. I shoot big bullets, the 208g AMAX is my go to bullet right now. Its cheep and it kills. You will not get super flat trajectory like you would with the lighter bullets but I'm looking for energy not speed and you are to.
!8" barrel is all you need for what you are planing to do, the length of the barrel is not a factor in your case, bullet selection is. I am on my second Leupold Mk4 I had a fixed 10x when I first got into this stuff, but I sold it off and upgraded to the newer M4 M5 when I figured out mils are easier than moa for me. Its a good optic built in the USA and you cannot beat the customer service.
The 308 bolt gun would not be a lot of guys choice for a defensive weapon but it will work. Obviously it just requires more training time and a mindset wrapped around stand off distance planning. In today's world with so many hi cap weapons around if it came down to suppressing fire against multiply attackers you are better off with the AR.
Re think the accuracy vs precision comment. Precision is better as its repeatable but your really need and want both. Also the "clean cold bore shot" Not a good idea, for instance in one of my long range hunting rigs I have not cleaned the barrel in 300 rounds. I could not and will not expect the rifle to shoot as good as it does with a clean bore. When I was doing my barrel break in on that rifle and I moved to 10 round groups, my 200 yard zero would shift 1 1'2 inch to the right until I had fired 2 rounds. Expect your zero to move plan and adjust for it based on how you employ your weapons system. If its first round hits your after zero for that by waiting 10 min between shots . If you are looking for a zero to use after the barrel is hot zero for that and learn to correct for the first few rounds.
The optic you currently have is nice but to powerful for your intended application. I would look for something in the 1-6 range, I would suggest the Bushnell HDMR or something like that. You can trade your scope in for another used one or a new model on SWFAs sample list. Also if you chose the Ruger XS sights makes a nice extended rail so you can use traditional optics.
"After I shot myself, my training took over and I called my parents..." Texas Grebner
"Take me with a grain of salt, my sarcasm does not relate well over the internet"
Jonathan Morehouse
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