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The way it was explained to me:
On a Long Stroke, the piston is connected solidly to Bolt Carrier and moves the same length that the Bolt Carrier moves while it cycles the cartridge. The Long Stroke is a softer, less violent action because the BC is powered its entire length by combustion gas.
Basically, on a Short Stroke, the piston just touches up to the Bolt Carrier-no positive link, just bumps up against it. Once the gun is fired, the piston will get the BC moving rapidly rearward but the piston will stop at 3/4" or so. Once the piston stops, it isn't pushing the BC anymore but the BC continues rearward under it own momentum to cycle the cartridge. The piston just "catapults" the BC back for the rest of its cycle. This is a more violent action because the piston has to be powered aggressively to insure the BC will cycle when the gun gets dirty, for different ammo strengths, etc.
Is this clear as mud? Is it correct?
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