Depends on the following: Skill of shooter, type of weapon (stock vs match), ammo (match vs quality vs cheap ball), environmental weather factors (sunny, cloudy, wind direction, humidity, elevation), and shooting position. 500M is probably the realistic range. There are anecdotal first hand accounts of folks getting hits out to 800M with a standard M-4 on BGs, but I think that's a far stretch for the average shooter, weapon and ammo. At that extream range, I doubt there's enough energy left in the round to cause any significant damage to a human target (to penetrate 12 inches or more, and fragment) other than to poke shallow holes. The threshold for proper fragmentation is 0-200M.
For God and the soldier we adore, In time of danger, not before! The danger passed, and all things righted, God is forgotten and the soldier slighted." - Rudyard Kipling
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